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Human DNA Repair Genes

Introduction

This is an update of the table cited in Wood RD, Mitchell M, Sgouros J and Lindahl T ; Wood RD, et al, ; Friedbeg EC, et al, ; and Lange SS, et al, .

Note that some gene products act in more than one pathway, but each is listed only once in the tables below.

Table information was last updated by R. Wood and B. Dennehey, November 2025.

Base excision repair (BER)

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (DNA glycosylases: major altered base released; Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )











Other BER and strand break joining factors







Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes that bind to DNA

Direct reversal of damage

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Repair of DNA-protein crosslinks

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Mismatch excision repair (MMR)

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Nucleotide excision repair (NER)

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )










TFIIH Subunits (ERCC2-MNAT1)











Other NER-Related Genes/Proteins

Homologous recombination

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Fanconi anemia

Gene Name (synonyms; (Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )













	,
	,

Non-homologous end-joining

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Modulation of nucleotide pools

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

DNA polymerases (catalytic subunits)

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Editing and processing nucleases

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Ubiquitination and modification

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )








	,

Chromatin Structure

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Genes defective in diseases associated with sensitivity to DNA damaging agents

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Other genes with known or suspected DNA repair functions

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Other conserved DNA damage response genes

Gene Name (synonyms; Linked to )	Activity (Linked to )	Chromosome location (Linked to )	Accession number (Linked to )

Related papers

Wood RD, Mitchell M, Sgouros JG, Lindahl T, Science. 291, 1284 (2001)

Wood RD, Mitchell M, Lindahl T, Mutation Res. 577, 275 (2005)

(ASM Press, Washington, DC)
Friedberg EC, Walker GC, Siede W, Wood RD, Schulz RA, Ellenberger T (2006)

Lange SS, Takata K, Wood RD, Nature Reviews Cancer, 11, 96 (2011)

A. Ronen, B. W. Glickman, Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 37, 241 (2001)

J. A. Eisen, P. C. Hanawalt, Mutat. Res. DNA Repair. 435, 171 (1999)

L. Aravind, D. R. Walker, E. V. Koonin, Nucleic Acids Res. 27, 1223 (1999)

T.A. Knijnenburg, L. Wang, M.T. Zimmermann, N. Chambwe, G.F. Gao, A.D. Cherniack, H. Fan, H. Shen, G.P. Way, C.S. Greene, et al., Cell Rep., 23, 239 (2018)

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