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Bone cancer symptoms can vary from person to person and depend on the size, location and type of tumor. Symptoms may develop gradually or appear suddenly and not everyone with bone pain or swelling has cancer.

Early symptoms of bone cancer

Early signs of bone cancer are often subtle and may be mistaken for injury, growing pains or other conditions. Common early symptoms include:

• Persistent or unexplained bone pain, often worsening at night or with activity
• Mild swelling or tenderness near a bone or joint
• Fatigue or a general feeling of being unwell
• Difficulty performing normal activities due to discomfort

Late symptoms of bone cancer

As the tumor grows, symptoms may become more pronounced and affect daily life. Late symptoms can include:

• Increased pain that may not improve with rest or pain medications
• Noticeable swelling or lumps around bones or joints
• Fractures from weakened bones
• Loss of mobility or difficulty moving limbs
• Unintended weight loss or fever
• Anemia (low red blood cell count)

Other conditions with similar symptoms

Several other health problems can cause symptoms similar to bone cancer, including:

• Arthritis or joint inflammation
• Osteomyelitis (bone infection)
• Bone cysts or benign bone tumors
• Osteoporosis or other conditions that weaken the bones
• Muscle strains or ligament injuries

Because these conditions are more common than bone cancer, doctors usually perform tests, imaging and biopsies to determine the exact cause of symptoms.

When to see a doctor

It is important to contact your health care provider if you experience:

• Persistent or worsening bone pain that doesn¡¯t improve with rest
• Swelling or lumps near a bone or joint
• Fractures from minor injuries
• Unexplained fatigue, fever or weight loss
• Difficulty with movement in a limb or joint

Early evaluation and diagnosis can help detect bone cancer or other serious conditions sooner, allowing for timely treatment and better outcomes.